RAG vs Fine-Tuning Explained: What They Actually Do and When to Use Each
, I have written quite a lot about RAG, starting with the Hitchhiker’s Guide to RAG with ChatGPT API and LangChain, and then exploring various topics related to RAG and…
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Long Context Isn’t Free — I Built a Safe Prompt-Pruning Layer That Makes LLM Systems Work
I’ve worked on, conversation state tends to grow quickly over time. It’s common to resend large portions of the history on each turn—including older tool outputs, repeated RAG retrievals, and…
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PySpark for Beginners: Building Intermediate-Level Skills
my first two articles in this series, you’ve already covered a lot of ground. You know how to create a SparkSession, load data into a DataFrame, define schemas, clean messy…
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Behind the Scenes of Distributed Training and Why Your GPU Wiring Matters as Much as Your Strategy
is straightforward. You load the weights, load the data, and wait for it to finish. For most models, that’s fine, and the only real cost is time. When the wait…
